Submissive and Frightened Dogs: What's the Difference?

Submissive behavior and fear in dogs can indeed appear similar, as both involve the dogs making themselves appear smaller and non-threatening. However, there are subtle differences between a submissive dog and a frightened dog, and understanding these differences can help owners better interpret their dog's behavior and respond appropriately. Let's delve deeper into submissive and frightened dog behavior to gain a better understanding.

Submissive Dog Behavior

Submissive behavior in dogs is a natural part of their social hierarchy instincts. When a dog displays submissive behavior, they are indicating to others, whether other dogs or humans, that they are not a threat and are willing to submit to a higher-ranking individual. Submissive behavior is often seen during greetings or interactions with more dominant individuals.

Some common signs of submissive behavior in dogs include:

Lowered body posture: A submissive dog will often lower its body, tuck its tail between its legs, and may crouch or cower on the ground.

Ears back: The ears of a submissive dog will be pulled back against its head.

Eyes averted: A submissive dog will avoid direct eye contact, as maintaining eye contact can be perceived as a challenge.

Exposing vulnerable body parts: A submissive dog may roll over, exposing its belly or throat, which are vulnerable areas.

Subdued or slow movements: Submissive dogs tend to make slow and deliberate movements compared to more assertive dogs.

Tolerant of handling: Submissive dogs are often more tolerant of being handled and may allow other dogs or people to approach and touch them without resisting.

It's crucial to note that submissive behavior can be a normal part of a dog's behavior repertoire and is not necessarily indicative of fear or anxiety. Dogs use submissive behavior to maintain social order and harmony within their pack.

Fearful Dog Behavior

Fear in dogs is an emotional response to perceived threats or dangers in their environment. Fear can be triggered by various factors, such as loud noises, unfamiliar places, or traumatic experiences. Fearful dogs exhibit body language and behavioral signs of distress, which may be similar to submissive behavior but tend to be more intense and pronounced.

Some common signs of fear in dogs include:

Trembling or shaking: Fearful dogs may tremble or shake uncontrollably as a physiological response to their heightened anxiety.

Tail tucked tightly between the legs: A frightened dog will often hold its tail tightly between its legs or close to its body.

Ears flattened against the head: Just like submissive dogs, fearful dogs will pull their ears back against their head.

Intense or wide-eyed expression: Fearful dogs may display a wide-eyed look and dilated pupils.

Lip licking or yawning: Dogs may exhibit lip-licking or yawning behaviors as a way to alleviate stress and signal their discomfort.

Attempts to escape or hide: When faced with a fearful situation, dogs may try to escape or find a hiding place, seeking safety and security.

Defensive or aggressive behaviors: In extreme cases, a fearful dog may resort to defensive or aggressive behaviors if they feels cornered or threatened.

Fear in dogs can have a range of effects on their behavior. Some fearful dogs may become withdrawn and freeze, while others may exhibit signs of aggression due to their heightened anxiety.

Differentiating Submissive and Frightened Behavior

Although submissive and frightened behaviors may appear similar, there are some key differences in their body language and overall demeanor. Understanding these distinctions can help owners better interpret their dog's emotional state and respond accordingly.

One notable difference is the context in which the behaviors occur. Submissive behavior is often seen during greetings or interactions with dominant individuals, while fear can be triggered by specific situations or stimuli. A submissive dog may exhibit submissive behavior even when they are not afraid, as their intention is to show submission and maintain social harmony.

Another distinguishing factor is the dog's overall body posture. A submissive dog will generally maintain a more relaxed body posture, with their head lowered, body lowered or crouched, and tail tucked between the legs. On the other hand, a frightened dog may exhibit more intense signs of distress, such as trembling, rapid or shallow breathing, excessive panting, or attempts to escape or hide.

It's important to note that while submissive behavior is part of a dog's natural social instincts, fear can have a negative impact on a dog's overall well-being. If a dog's fearful behavior is excessive, persistent, or significantly interferes with their daily life, it's crucial to seek professional help from a certified dog behaviorist or trainer experienced in working with fearful dogs.

Conclusion

Understanding the subtle differences between submissive and fearful behavior in dogs is vital for interpreting their body language and responding appropriately. While both behaviors involve the dog making themselves appear smaller and non-threatening, the context, intensity, and overall demeanor can help differentiate between the two. Submissive behavior is a normal social behavior used to maintain harmonious relationships, while fear is an emotional response to perceived threats. Being aware of these distinctions allows owners to provide the necessary support, training, and a safe environment for their dogs, ultimately promoting their well-being and emotional health.